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French and Italian Languages and Literatures

Chair: John A. Rassias

Professors K. Conley, M. J. Green, L. A. Higgins, K. J. Jewell, L. D. Kritzman, G. Parati, J. A. Rassias, V. E. Swain, K. L. Walker; Associate Professors F. E. Beasley, N. L. Canepa, I. Chitoran, V. Kogan, D. P. LaGuardia, A. Tarnowski, R. M. Verona, J. K. Wine; Assistant Professors M. A. J. Burland, M. A. Fodor, E. Stoppino; Senior Lecturers G. Cavatorta, A. C. Cone, D.-M. Decharme, B. D. Mosenthal, S. Stark, R. Tessier; Lecturers M. Alpi, F. Fabricant, A. Minardi, E. Rota, M. Ruffini, M. Sitbon.

MAJORS

Five types of major are available to the student. All programs are designed individually by the student with the help of a faculty adviser of his or her choosing within the Department. Major programs may be organized historically, around a genre (like poetry, drama, or prose fiction), or around a period concept or movement (such as the Enlightenment, baroque, classicism and romanticism, or existentialism). Major programs normally include at least one term of study in France or Italy (two of the L.S.A.+ and/or F.S.P. courses count towards the major; for more information, see section titled ‘Foreign Study,’ pages XXX.) Whether students have an individual advisor or not, all major plans and subsequent changes must be approved by the French Major Adviser or the Director of Italian.

1. Major in French. Prerequisite for the major: French 8.

Major programs consist of ten (minimum) or more courses above the level of French 8. Each major must include French 10 (prerequisite for all upper-level courses), (1) either French 20 or French 21; (2) either French 22 or French 23; and (3) either French 24 or French 25 (to be completed by the end of the junior year). During their senior year, as their culminating experience, majors must take either French 78: Senior Major Workshop or, with special permission, an upper-level French course (numbered French 40 or above). Students taking an upper-level French course as their culminating experience are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. French courses numbered 40 and above may be taken more than once for major credit, in cases where the topic is different. The major card must be approved by the French Major Adviser.

2. Major in Italian. Prerequisite for the major: Italian 3.

All students wishing to major in Italian must have completed Italian 3 (on campus, through the L.S.A. program in Rome, or by placement) no later than the spring of their sophomore year. An Italian major consists of eight courses numbered Italian 8 or above. Italian 10 may be counted for credit toward the major only once. The Honors major consists of nine courses, of which one must be Italian 89 (the thesis). Two of the three courses offered on the L.S.A.+ and/or the F.S.P. may be counted toward the major and the Honors major. During their senior year, as their culminating activity, Italian majors must take either Italian 88: Senior Independent Reading and Research or an upper-level Italian course (numbered Italian 50 or above). Students taking an upper-level Italian course as their culminating activity are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. All culminating experiences must include a public presentation. The major card must be approved by the Director of Italian.

3. Major in Romance Languages. Prerequisite for the major: The appropriate prerequisite course in each of the two languages studied.

Includes two of the three principal Romance languages (French, Italian, Spanish). Majors will be required to take ten major-level courses, six of which shall be selected from the primary language, and four from the secondary language. If the primary language is French, the six courses must include French 10 and one course from French 22, 23, 24, 25 (to be completed by the end of junior year). During their senior year, as their culminating activity, Romance Language majors (whose primary language is French) must take either French 78: Senior Major Workshop or, with special permission, an upper-level French course (numbered French 40 or above). Students taking an upper-level French course as their culminating experience are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. During their senior year, as their culminating activity, Romance Language majors (whose primary language is Italian) must take either Italian 88: Senior Independent Reading and Research or an upper-level Italian course (numbered Italian 50 or above). Students taking an upper-level Italian course as their culminating activity are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. Italian culminating experiences must include a public presentation. The major card must be approved by the Major Adviser for the department of the primary language, and will be filed with that department.

4. Major in French Studies. Prerequisite for the major: French 8.

The French Studies Major consists of ten courses, with a minimum of six selected from French 10 and above, and from one to four from appropriate major- level courses offered by other departments or programs. French Studies Majors must include one course from French 20 through 25 (to be completed by the end of the junior year). Two of the French L.S.A.+ and/or F.S.P. courses may count toward the major. During their senior year, as their culminating experience, French Studies Majors must take either French 78: Senior Major Workshop or, with special permission, an upper-level French course (numbered French 40 or above). Students taking an upper-level French course as their culminating experience are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. The major card must be approved by the French Major Adviser.

5. Major in Italian Studies. Prerequisite for the major: Italian 3.

The Italian Studies Major consists of ten courses, with a minimum of six selected from Italian 8 and above, and from one to four from appropriate major- level courses offered by other departments or programs. Two of the Italian L.S.A.+ courses may count toward the major. During their senior year, as their culminating experience, Italian Studies Majors must take either Italian 88: Senior Independent Reading and Research or an upper-level Italian course (numbered Italian 50 or above). Students taking an upper-level Italian course as their culminating experience are required to supplement the regular reading with extra materials chosen in consultation with the instructor, and to write a research or critical paper of at least twenty pages. All culminating experiences must include a public presentation. The major card must be approved by the Director of Italian.

 French or Italian as a Modifier. If a student wishes to modify a major in another department with French or Italian and wishes the modifying language to be entered on his or her permanent record, the major program must be approved by the Department of French and Italian, as well as by the primary department. The modifying component, which must have some coherence with the primary major, may be organized historically, around a genre (like poetry, drama, or prose fiction), or around a period concept or movement (such as the Enlightenment, baroque, classicism and romanticism, or existentialism), and must consist of major-level courses.

MINORS

1. Minor in French.

The minor in French consists of six courses. The minor must include: either French 6 or 8; French 10; one of the following: French 22, 23, 24, 25; and three other advanced courses above the level of French 10. Two of the courses offered on the Dartmouth L.S.A.+ and/or F.S.P. in France may count toward the minor. French 10 may be counted toward the minor only once. Students who are exempted from French 8 may replace it with another advanced course. A maximum of one transfer course may count toward the minor.

2. Minor in Italian.

The minor in Italian consists of six courses above the level of Italian 5. The minor must include Italian 10. Two of the courses offered on the Dartmouth L.S.A.+ and/or F.S.P. in Italy may count toward the minor. Italian 10 may be counted toward the minor only once. A maximum of one transfer course may count toward the minor.

TRANSFER CREDIT

Transfer credit is not available for French or Italian 1, 2, or 3. Prior approval for each course to be taken at another institution must be gained from the Chair of the Department of French and Italian. The maximum number of transfer credits is two.

HONORS PROGRAM

To be admitted to the Honors Program, a student must satisfy the minimum College requirement (see pages XXX) and give clear evidence of exceptional ability and interest in the major field. The Honors Seminar (French or Italian 89), is counted as one of the minimum required courses in the French, Romance Languages, French Studies or Italian Studies major programs. In the Italian major program, the Honors Seminar (Italian 89), constitutes one course above the minimum course requirement. Honors students will arrange a program of study and research during any term of the senior year on a tutorial basis with a faculty advisor. The honors thesis must be written in French or Italian. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

LANGUAGE STUDY ABROAD

French L.S.A. Fall, Winter, Spring—Lyon, France

French L.S.A.+ Winter, Spring—Toulouse, France

Italian L.S.A. Fall (alternate years), Winter, Spring—Rome, Italy

Italian L.S.A.+ Fall—Rome, Italy

Prerequisite: For French L.S.A., French 2 with the grade of B– or better, or equivalent preparation, and acceptance into the program; for French L.S.A.+, French 3 with the grade of B– or better, or equivalent preparation, and acceptance into the program; for Italian L.S.A., Italian 2 or Art History 12 with the grade of B or better, or equivalent preparation, and acceptance into the program; for Italian L.S.A.+, Italian 3 with the grade of B or better, or equivalent preparation, and acceptance into the program. The preparatory course, when applicable, must be taken within six months of departure.

Students live with families and take courses in language, civilization, and literature taught by local instructors and the Dartmouth faculty member in residence.

Upon successful completion of the L.S.A. program, credit will be awarded for French 3, 5, and 6, or Italian 3, 5, and 6. French or Italian 3 completes the language requirement.

Upon successful completion of the L.S.A.+ program, credit will be awarded for French 8, 10, and 12, or Italian 8, 10 and 12.

Students will be accepted on the basis of their application forms and letters of reference; actual participation in the program is contingent upon the maintenance of satisfactory academic standing and conduct, and compliance with orientation procedures. L.S.A. may not be taken during the student’s senior year.

For application and deadline information, consult the Off-Campus Programs Office in 110 Wentworth Hall.

FOREIGN STUDY

French F.S.P. Fall, Winter, Spring—Paris, France

French: Prerequisite: Acceptance into the program and in any order:

a) Students must complete French 8 (or have been exempted from French 8 during Orientation week) with a grade of B or better.

b) Students must complete French 10 (or have received credit for French 10 during Orientation week) with a grade of B or better. French 10 should be taken as immediately prior to the term in Paris as scheduling allows.

French 8 and French 10 may be completed on the L.S.A.+.

Students who have received exemption from French 8 AND credit for French 10 during Orientation Week must take at least one French course at Dartmouth from among courses French 10 through French 25, with a grade of B or better, prior to participation in the Foreign Study Program.

Prerequisite courses for the Foreign Study Program must not be taken NRO.

OR: Satisfactory completion of the L.S.A. program in France during the term immediately preceding the Foreign Study term.

For application and deadline information, consult the Off-Campus Programs Office in 110 Wentworth Hall.

FRENCH

1. Introductory French I

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: 9

An introduction to French as a spoken and written language. The work includes regular practice in class, scheduled drill-sessions, and the laboratory, in understanding and using the spoken language. Written exercises and elementary reading materials serve for vocabulary building and discussion. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

2. Introductory French II

04F, 05W, 05S: 9, 10 05X: 905F, 06W, 06S: 9, 10

Rapid review and continued study of the fundamentals of French, with intensive work in vocabulary building. More advanced practice, in classroom, drill-sessions, and laboratory, in the use of the spoken language.

Open to students by qualifying test or to students who have passed French 1. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

3. Intermediate French

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: 11, 12, D.L.S.A.

Given on-campus as the final course in the required sequence and off-campus as part of the L.S.A. curriculum, this course is designed to develop reading, writing, and speaking skills, with emphasis on expansion of vocabulary and reinforcement of grammatical structures. Some discussion of texts and films of literary or cultural interest. Frequent oral and written assignments and tests, both on-campus and off, plus daily drills off-campus.

Open to students by qualifying test or to students who have passed French 2. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

5. Language Study Abroad: Aspects of French Civilization

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A.

A course in French civilization taught in the context of the Language Study Abroad program. Lectures by local faculty concentrate on French political, social, economic, and religious institutions, and their historical development. Independent or accompanied visits to sites are an integral part of the course. Assigned work may include short readings, oral presentations and papers, and a final examination.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Language Study Abroad Program. Class of 2007 and earlier: Dist: PHR; WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

6. Language Study Abroad: Readings in French Literature

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A.

An introductory course, offered in the context of the Language Study Abroad program, dealing with major figures, themes, or genres of French literature. Some areas of concern are critical reading and analysis, style, and historical and social perspectives. Assigned work may include independent reading and analysis, frequent short papers, and examinations. Taught by Dartmouth faculty.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Language Study Abroad Program. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

7. First-Year Seminars in French Literature

 Consult special listings

8. Exploring French Culture and Language

04F: 12 05W: 12, D.L.S.A.+ 05S: 12, D.L.S.A.+

05F: 12 06W: 12, D.L.S.A.+ 06S: 12, D.L.S.A.+

Practice in the active use of the language combined with an introduction to major aspects of French society. Each week students will write papers and participate in discussions based on books, articles, and films emphasizing social and historical concepts.

Prerequisite: French 3, or equivalent preparation. Dist: SOC. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

10. Introduction to French Literature: Masterworks and Great Issues

04F: 12, 2 05W: 2, D.L.S.A.+ 05S: 2, D.L.S.A.+ 05X: 10

05F: 12, 2 06W: 2, D.L.S.A.+ 06S: 2, D.L.S.A.+

These courses, offered each term by various members of the Department, deal in major figures, themes, or issues of modern French literature, and of those earlier periods which have particular relevance to today’s world. Techniques of critical reading and interpretation are studied as an approach to these topics, which reflect the interests of the teaching staff.

Prerequisite: French 3, or equivalent preparation. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 04F at 12, Literature, History, and Memory. People have long been drawn to inscribing their memories and experiences into writing. In this course we will examine memoirs and autobiographies from the sixteenth century until the present. What is the relationship between memoirs, history, and autobiography? Why do people choose to write these personal texts? Do men and women conceive of these genres differently? Readings may include works by: Montaigne, Lafayette, Montpensier, Perrault, Saint-Simon, Rousseau, Chateaubriand, Beauvoir, and Colette. Beasley.

In 04F at 2, Drôle de familles. So often fiction stages a family drama in which all the relatives are players in a war among themselves. Bloodlines can be bloody. In this course we will read texts and view films that address the emotional and psychological complexity of family ties. We will also “distribute roles” among the students in an effort to create our own staged drama of a family feud. Readings from Racine, Molière, Diderot, Balzac, Duras, Ernaux. Cone.

In 05W at 2, Travel and Literature. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, discourse on travel—born out of old impulses such as the attraction of the exotic, the need of escaping from society or from one’s self—represents a subjective geography that reinvents maps, locations and peoples. This course looks at imaginary and real travel as represented through various literary genres such as poetry, novels, journals, letters, and theater. We will study texts by Chateaubriand, Hugo, Musset, Mérimée, Flaubert, Jules Verne. Verona.

In 05S at 2, same description as 04F at 12.

12. Advanced Writing and Speaking in French

05W, 05S, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A.+

In this course, students will learn to recognize and reproduce a broad range of linguistic registers and structures in order to achieve competence in French grammar, phonetics, vocabulary, and oral and written expression. Aided by the analysis of newspaper articles, letters, political orations, screenplays, interviews, and short stories, students will analyze, imitate, and produce diverse types and levels of discourse. Course work will entail intensive writing, stylistic analysis, small group discussions, dramatic presentations, and experiential exercises such as conducting interviews, writing business letters, or composing political speeches. Texts by Montesquieu, Danton, Maupassant, Zola, Ionesco, De Gaulle, Yourcenar, Kassovitz, and others.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Advanced Language Study Abroad Program. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

15. Business French and the French Economy

 05W: 10A

This course will enable students to function in a French business environment. We will use departments of a company (human resources, production, sales, finance and administration) to acquire a knowledge of business terminology and practices. Using company web sites and the business press, students will become familiar with important companies and the environment in which they operate. At the end of the quarter students may take the Paris Chamber of Commerce’s Certificat de français professionnel.

Prerequisite: French 8, or permission of the instructor. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Fodor.

20. Interpreting French Cultures

05S: 10 06W: 11

This course is designed to enable students to acquire the analytical skills necessary to interpret the various representational modes that constitute French and Francophone cultures. In order to prepare students to become more culturally “competent” the course will draw on various critical concepts that focus on how and why we read the signs of culture from a variety of perspectives such as: history and politics; issues of class and power; the study of symbols and documents. We will explore a variety of cultural objects and examine the theoretical writings of some of the following authors: Balibar, Barthes, Baudrillard, Ben Jelloun, Bourdieu, Butler, de Certeau, Condé, Fanon, Finkielkraut, Foucault, Fumaroli, Glissant, Kristeva, Le Goff, Malraux, Nora, Ozouf, and Wievorka.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: SOC. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Beasley.

21. Introduction to Francophone Literature and Culture

04F, 05F: 12

This course surveys the evolution of French language (Francophone) literature of the former French colonies and examines the social, political, and cultural issues it raises: race, colonialism, decolonization, revolution, independence, neo-colonialism, Négritude, Antillanité, Créolité, écriture féminine, mimetic desire, cultural hybridity, post-independence government and society. The survey will include novels, plays, poetry, film and essays by representative writers from the principal divisions of the Francophone world: the French West Indies, the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa; Quebec, and Francophone Canada.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT; WCult: NW. Green.

22. Introduction to French Literature I: the Middle Ages and the Renaissance

05S, 06W: 12

Medieval France—its art, architecture, technology, philosophy and literature—exerted an unparalleled influence throughout Europe. Studying the first texts written in French, as well as the manuscripts in which they circulated, will shed light on the nature of French culture. We will examine defining issues of the period: the transition from oral to written expression, the invention of printing, debates concerning the status of women, Renaissance humanism, scientific inquiry, religious reform and conflict. Texts may include La Chanson de Roland, selected poetry, and works by Chrétien de Troyes, Christine de Pizan, Marguerite de Navarre, François Rabelais, and Michel de Montaigne.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. LaGuardia.

23. Introduction to French Literature II: Neoclassicism and the Eighteenth Century

05W, 05X: 12

The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were a dynamic and volatile period characterized on the one hand by the rise to power of the most absolute of all monarchs, the Sun King Louis XIV, symbolized by Versailles, and on the other hand by the French Revolution. Fostered by royal patronage, literature and the arts flourished, yet many writers also used artistic expression to counter this royal power. The period saw the birth of the modern French novel and the development of a rich body of theatrical and philosophical literature. These centuries are recognized as major components of France’s collective identity and their influence is still felt in France today. Authors may include Descartes, Corneille, Racine, Molière, Lafayette, Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire, Graffigny, Beaumarchais and Laclos.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Fodor.

24. Introduction to French Literature and Culture III: Nineteenth Century

04F: 10 06S: 12

This course examines the nineteenth-century renewal of literary form and vision from the French Revolution to the First World War. We will study the social and historical developments of French culture as they are reflected in various literary genres (narrative, poetry, dramatic theory and practice), literary criticism, philosophy, historiography, and the other arts. Emphasis will be placed on France’s growing self-awareness as a nation and on the analysis of aesthetic and intellectual issues represented in the major literary movements of this period including romanticism, realism, symbolism, art for art’s sake, naturalism, fin de siècle decadence, and modernism. Readings may include works by such authors as Chateaubriand, de Staël, Stendhal, Hugo, Musset, Sand, Balzac, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Michelet, Zola, and Huysmans.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Walker.

25. Introduction to French Literature and Culture IV: Twentieth Century

05F: 11 06S: 2

This course examines the radical transformations of literary form and vision that characterize twentieth-century France with its two World Wars, its colonial conflicts, and the challenges to French identity posed by immigration and globalization. We will use lyric poetry, fiction, drama, autobiography, and film to explore literary movements such as surrealism, existentialism, the new novel, the theater of the absurd and écriture féminine, as well as the recent impact of immigrant and minority writers. Readings and films may include works by Proust, Breton, Colette, Beauvoir, Sartre, Camus, Robbe-Grillet, Duras, Delbo, Cixous, Sebbar, Resnais, Malle, and Kassovitz.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

29. French Civilization: Study Abroad

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: D.F.S.P.

Studies in such aspects of the cultural heritage as French art, music, and history. Credit for this course is awarded students who have successfully completed the program of the Dartmouth Foreign Study Program at one of its university centers in France.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Foreign Study Program. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

30. French Literature: Study Abroad

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: D.F.S.P.

Credit for this course is awarded students who have successfully completed the program of the Dartmouth Foreign Study Program at one of its university centers in France.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Foreign Study Program. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

31. The French Language: Study Abroad

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: D.F.S.P.

Credit for this course is awarded students who have successfully completed the program of the Dartmouth Foreign Study Program at one of its university centers in France.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Foreign Study Program. Class of 2007 and earlier: Dist: PHR; WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

35. The French Language: Introduction to Linguistics and Rhetoric

Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

This course will explore the French language by means of the linguistic analysis of texts. Its purpose is a) to familiarize the student with the constraints and freedoms of the French language as these are revealed by linguistic analysis, and b) to develop the student’s spontaneity of expression. The course will include the study of structural linguistics and recent rhetorical systems such as those of Genette or Riffaterre.

Prerequisite: French 8 or 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: SOC. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

40. French Literature: The Approach through Genre

04F: 2 05X: 11 06W: 2

This course will be devoted to significant examples of a particular literary genre. Genres may be defined historically: thus epic is recognized in its medieval form; tragedy receives its normative definition during classicism. Genres may also be defined formally so that narrative may be studied as it evolves across several centuries. Issues to be considered may include the way genre shapes the production and reception of literary texts and the relationship between historical and generic determinants of a given work.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 04F, A Festival of the Intellect/A Collapse of the Intellect: French and Francophone Poetry from Baudelaire through Césaire. Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud, Guillaume Apollinaire, Paul Eluard, André Breton, Paul Valéry, Aimé Césaire, Léon Damas and D.T. Niane are poets of radically different backgrounds connected by abiding preoccupations of a modernist vision. These poets will be studied in order to explore the traditions and counter-traditions of French and Francophone poetry. Walker.

In 05X, The French Gothic. For nineteenth-century French writers, Gothic is not only associated with tales of terror and dark settings, but it is also a critical term that questions literary verisimilitude, excessive imagination, and exposes literary fabrication based on replaying of old elements in new contexts. The course will read from Dumas, Mérimée, Maupassant, Nodier, Verne and Villiers de l’Isle-Adam and discuss theoretical works by Baudrillard, Kristeva, Vax, and Todorov, among others. Verona.

In 06W, Fatality and Phantasmagoria: Performing Destiny on the Modern French Stage. Theory and Performance: A study of the themes and dramaturgy of French plays from 1920 to 1960. The transition of dramatic literature from page to stage will be examined, as well as the concepts, insights and techniques from which actors create and sustain theatric illusion. Authors studied may include Vitrac, Cocteau, Anouilh, Giraudoux, Camus, Sartre, Beckett, Ionesco. Rassias.

45. French Literature: The Approach through Periodization

05W: 10

French literature has traditionally been divided into chronological blocks that receive descriptive names: classicism for the seventeenth century; Enlightenment for the eighteenth century; etc. In this course, one or more periods will be selected for intensive study in the light of fundamental questions about the historical process.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05W, Against Nature. The publication of Huysmans’ A robbers in 1884 instantly becomes a manifesto of a new literary school that favors symbolization and artificial imitations of reality in a highly ornamental style. The course will discuss the decadent program that originated with Baudelaire and Flaubert and is associated with the works of novelists, poets and critics such as Villiers de l’Isle-Adam, Laforgue, Mallarmé and Bourget, and artists such as Moreau and Redoni. Verona.

50. French Literature: Major Figures

05W: 2 05S, 05F: 10A 06S: 11

This course will be devoted to the study of a single author or to a group of authors who have exercised a decisive influence on French, European or world literature or who are deserving of concentrated attention because of the quality or originality of their literary production.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05W, The Fictions of History: Victor Hugo and Jules Michelet. Victor Hugo and Jules Michelet hold a privileged place among writers of the nineteenth century. In this course, we will study and compare their social commitment, their view of man, Revolution, art and history as expressed in texts such as Hugo’s Les Misérables, Quatre-vingt treize, Le dernier jour dun condamné and Michelet’s Le peuple, Histoire universelle, and Les femmes de la Révolution. Kogan.

In 05S, Michel Foucault and the History of Sex. One of the most influential thinkers of the late twentieth century, Michel Foucault revolutionized the ways in which we conceive of sexuality and sexual preference, public institutions, education, punishment, discipline, the body, gender difference, technology, and power. This course will examine Foucault’s thought and its relation to other French thinkers of the second half of the twentieth century: Barthes, Derrida, Kristeva, Lacan, Serres, Lévi-Strauss, and others. LaGuardia.

In 05F, Sartre at One Hundred. Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) is recognized as the most important twentieth-century French intellectual. We shall examine sartrean existentialism and its relationship to writing, psychology, ethics, Marxism, colonialism and post-structuralism. Examples will be drawn from genres such as novels, plays, autobiography, philosophical and political essays, and literary criticism. Topics to be considered will include the public intellectual and the committed writer, politics and ethics, existentialism and Marxism, and existentialism and deconstruction. Kritzman.

In 06S, Molière. The French revere Molière as one of the writers who best embodies the national identity. To understand this monumental status, this course will emphasize the paradoxes of Molière’s theatrical career. Famed for witty and intellectual verse, he was steeped in the bodily traditions of farce. Renowned for biting satire, he placed his talents at the service of Louis XIV. Celebrated for masterpieces of classical form, he sought new and experimental forms of total spectacle. Wine.

53. French Thought: Philosophical Issues

 04F, 05X: 10A

This course will study texts which have shaped influential views of human nature, scientific knowledge, social and moral values. Its focus may be on the philosophers and moralists of the classical period (such as Pascal and La Rochefoucauld), the social and political thinkers of the Enlightenment (Diderot and Rousseau) or contemporary thinkers (Beauvoir, Foucault, Lévi-Strauss).

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Class of 2007 and earlier: Dist: PHR; WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: Dist: TMV; WCult: W.

In 04F, Confrontations with Death. Through readings of essays, plays, poetry, and fiction, we will examine the relationship of death to the history of French culture and the various philosophical traditions it embodies from the medieval danse macabre to postmodernism. Attention will be paid to issues of separation and loss, mourning and melancholia, violence and eroticism, and sexual difference. Examples will be drawn from such authors as Villon, Montaigne, Pascal, Flaubert, Hugo, Sartre, Beauvoir, Beckett, Perec, Duras, Barthes, and Derrida. Kritzman.

In 05X, Education and Society from the Eighteenth Century to the Present. We will examine the relationship of education to the history of French culture from the gentilhomme to the present. Attention will be paid to issues of human perfectibility and regeneration, social mobility and elitism, class, gender, ethnic differences and meritocracy. Readings will include authors such as Molière, Condorcet, Rousseau, Stendhal, Bourdieu; films will include Etre et avoir. Kogan.

55. French Culture and Politics

05S: 2A 06S: 10A

This course will study the broad field of French civilization with a variety of approaches. Literary texts may be studied for their political influence; literature may be seen as a way of changing history or a reflection of history. Writings on cultural or political issues, by such figures as Montaigne, Diderot or de Staël, may also be included as may more current works from the field of cultural criticism.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: SOC. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05S, French Orientalisms. This course examines the ways in which the Mediterranean “Orient” inflects nineteenth- and twentieth-century French literature and art. Drawing on stories, travel journals, memoirs, letters and visual art, this course will show how staging the “Orient” helps shape French colonial and post-colonial identity. Authors may include Mérimée, Balzac, Eberhardt, Loti, Camus, Djebar, and also Bhabha, Fanon, Kristeva and Said. Verona.

In 06S, French Civil Strife in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. This course will examine the historic moments that tested French unity and identity. Beginning with the Dreyfus Affair, we will examine World War II, the Algerian conflict, May ‘68, and contemporary ethnic tensions. Readings include the writings of Zola, Barrès, Maurras, Sartre, de Gaulle, Fanon, Perec, Finkelkraut and Tahar ben Jalloun. Films, a major focus of the course, will include Le Chagrin et la pitié, Indochine, Milou en mai, and La Haine. Kogan.

60. Gender and French Literature

 05S: 2

Intersections of gender and literary expression will be studied from a variety of perspectives: gender and authorship (women writers, écriture féminine, comparative analysis of masculine/feminine treatments of genres or themes); gender and reading (do men and women read differently? do certain texts address a specifically gendered readership?); gender and literary form (the lyric, the romance plot); representations of men and women in certain movements or periods (the female body, women/men as subjects or objects of representation).

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05S, Gender and Genre in the Eighteenth Century. In a century well-known for its focus on “man,” “woman”’s attributes were both scrutinized and underestimated. Women’s private and public roles, including their place as authors and artists, were assigned and contested. We will discuss the Enlightenment’s views of gender roles as they are reflected in essays, letters, and novels by men and women such as Diderot, Rousseau, Laclos, Lambert, Riccoboni, and de Gouges. Swain.

70. Francophone Literature

06S: 10

This course will involve the study of Francophone literature outside Europe. This may include the literature of Africa, the Caribbean, Québec and Southeast Asia.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT; WCult: Varies.

In 06S, Writing Identity in Africa and the Caribbean. The course will look at the Franco-phone literatures of the Caribbean and North and Subsaharan Africa, focusing on the search for cultural identity after decolonization, the clash of modern society with traditional values, and the writer’s role in constructing a new history and creating a new literary language. Readings will include fiction and films by Césaire, Ben Jelloun, Chamoiseau, Sembene, Djebar, Fanon, Palcy and Condé. WCult: NW. Green.

75. French Film

06W: 2A

This course will focus on one of the following: an individual filmmaker, a significant movement or period, or a major theme in French cinema. Students will become familiar with aspects of French cinematic history as well as with important concepts in film analysis.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 06W, New Waves: Twentieth-Century Film and Eighteenth-Century Literature. This course will look at two French new waves, the cinematic one of the twentieth century and the literary one of the eighteenth century. By pairing up Nouvelle Vague films with Enlightenment texts, we will investigate how the different periods and media treat four themes: love (Truffaut and Rousseau), gender (Varda and Graffigny), travel as apprenticeship (Godard and Voltaire), and storytelling (Rivette and Diderot). Fodor.

78. Senior Major Workshop: Methods in Reading, Writing and Cultural Analysis

05W: 2A 06W: 10A

As part of this culminating experience, each major will work on an independent project, either a senior thesis or expanding upon work begun in a previous course. The independent project will be developed within the framework of this course using a selection of critical texts that can be viewed as models of literary, cultural, and historical analysis. Lectures by a variety of faculty members will supplement the readings. Students will gain mastery in literary and cultural analysis, close analytical reading skills and composition in French.

The course is open only to French and Italian Department senior majors or by petition, which is due by the fifth day of classes of Fall term. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Beasley.

80. French Literature and the Other Arts

05F: 2

Literary works (poetry, theater, the novel, the essay) will be examined in their relationship to the other arts. This will include music, painting, the plastic arts, architecture, etc. Sample topics: opera and melodrama; symbolism and Impressionist painting; surrealism in poetry and collage; art criticism by such writers as Baudelaire, Apollinaire, Ponge.

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05F, Modernism and Anthropology. Emblematized by Western notions of the fetish and primitivism, modernism and anthropology intersected in twentieth-century France with a focus on art that influenced art, literature, and sociology through the 1940s. This course includes Picasso’s Demoiselles d’Avignon, ethnographic studies of Western and non-Western artifacts, appreciations of Caribbean culture, magic, and the College of Sociology’s studies of the sacred, with works by Artaud, Bataille, Brassaï, Breton, Cahun, Caillois, Carrington, Césaire, Dalí, Durkheim, Lam, Leiris, Mauss. Conley.

81. Seminar

 Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

Prerequisite: French 10, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

87. Independent Reading and Research

All terms: Arrange

A program of individual study directed by a member of the staff. Open only to French, French Studies and Romance Language Majors. By special permission this course may be taken more than once. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

88. Senior Independent Reading and Research

All terms: Arrange

A program of individual study directed by a member of the staff. Open only to senior French, French Studies and Romance Language (whose primary language is French) Majors. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

89. Honors Seminar

All terms: Arrange

Honors students will arrange a program of study and research during any term of the senior year on a tutorial basis with individual faculty members. A thesis, written in French, and a public presentation are the normal culmination of this course. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term. For information about application procedures, please see page XXX.

FRENCH CLUB

Students interested in French are invited to join the French Club, Le Cercle français. It is a cultural as well as social organization which meets weekly. Membership is open to all students whether or not enrolled in French courses. The program includes talks in French, informal conversation groups, films, and dramatic productions.

FRENCH AND ITALIAN IN TRANSLATION

The following courses are taught in English.

33. Dante: The Divine Comedy

05F: 11

This seminar provides an intensive discussion and analysis of Inferno, Purgatory and Paradise. Special attention will be given to Dante’s conception of the human being and to critical notions of allegory, autobiography, and the Christian and classical influences which resonate in Dante’s epic poem. Essential background reading from the Bible, Virgil, Augustine and Ovid will complement the central text. Text, lectures and discussion in English. Students taking the course for major credit will attend a weekly x-hour conducted in Italian.

Open to all students. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

34. Renaissance Studies in Translation

 05S: 2A

An examination of Italian Renaissance masterpieces in translation, which will explore the centrality of Italian ideas and ideals to the development of literary and cultural norms in Italy and Europe. Topics will vary according to the focus established by each instructor.

Open to all students. Lectures and discussion in English. Major credit will be granted to students who read required selections in Italian and attend a weekly x-hour conducted in Italian. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05S, Inventing the Renaissance: Boundaries and Borders. The intellectuals who “invented” the Renaissance implied that a border could be drawn between their time and what started then to be called the Middle Ages. Literature, paintings, manners, geography, the body itself became the sites of a conscious redefinition of the boundaries of a new culture. We will study the cultural production of the Renaissance (including Castiglione, Colombo, Machiavelli, Ariosto) focusing on this process of distinction and definition. Stoppino.

35. Modern Italian Culture and Society

 Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

According to the interests of the instructor, a major topic, art form, literary genre, or historical theme that concerns modern Italy will be approached in relation to Italian culture and society as a whole. The focus of the course will thus be interdisciplinary, emphasizing the interplay of the fine arts, literature, film, music, history, and philosophy. Possible themes include Literature and Politics in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century, The History of Italian Opera, The Culture of Italian Fascism, Italian Film (specific directors such as Fellini, De Sica, Bertolucci and Antonioni).

Open to all students. Lectures and discussion in English. Major credit will be granted to students who read required selections in Italian and attend a weekly x-hour conducted in Italian. Dist: Varies. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

93. Second Language Teaching and Learning: Theory and Practice

 Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

This course examines the notion that language teaching theory and classroom practice are two sides of the same coin. After a historical overview of language pedagogy, the course will survey current theoretical models and methods of second language teaching and learning based on a solid foundation of recent empirical evidence. Topics will include Krashen’s “Input Hypothesis,” the “Rassias Method” and the recently developed theory of “Conceptual Fluency.” In the second part of the course, we will shift our focus to the practical questions of curriculum design, classroom activities and the development of teaching materials. This course offers major credit for all French and Italian Department majors. It may offer minor credit with permission of the Chair.

Open to all students. Dist: SOC.

ITALIAN

For information on the Italian Major and the Italian Studies Major, see section entitled ‘Majors,’ pages XXX.

1. Introductory Italian I

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: 9

An introduction to Italian as a spoken and written language, with emphasis on practical conversation. The course includes regular practice in class, scheduled drill-sessions and the laboratory in understanding and using the spoken language. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

2. Introductory Italian II

04F, 05W, 05S, 05F, 06W, 06S: 10

Rapid review and continued study of the fundamentals of Italian, with intensive work in vocabulary building. The course will also include an introduction to the culture and civilization of Italy.

Open to students by qualifying placement or to students who have passed Italian 1. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

3. Introductory Italian III

04F, 05W, 05S, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A. 05S, 05X, 06S: 9

This course is designed to reinforce and refine spoken and written language skills through a review of grammar, exposure to a broad spectrum of language ranging from colloquial to literary styles, and the use of samples of Italian language from multiple sources such as advertising, comics, television and literature. Frequent compositions, quizzes, plus linguistic and thematic analysis of texts.

Open to students by qualifying placement or to students who have passed Italian 2 or Art History 12. Never serves in partial satisfaction of the Distributive or World Culture Requirements. The staff.

5. Language Study Abroad: The Art and Culture of Rome

04F, 05W, 05S, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A.

A course, taught in the context of the Language Study Abroad Program, which concentrates on the artistic life and culture of Rome. Masterpieces of painting, sculpture and architecture are studied in their social and historical contexts. Visits to sites in the city proper and its environs as well as nearby cities are an integral part of the program of study.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Language Study Abroad Program. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

6. Language Study Abroad: Literature

04F, 05W, 05S, 06W, 06S: D.L.S.A.

An introductory course offered in the context of the Language Study Abroad program, dealing with major figures, themes, or genres of Italian literature. Some areas of concern are critical reading and analysis, style, historical and social perspective.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Language Study Abroad Program. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

7. First-Year Seminars in Italian Literature

Consult special listings

8. Exploring Italian Culture and Language

05F, 06F: D.L.S.A.+

This course will serve as an introduction to modern and contemporary Italian literature, culture and society. It will focus on topics such as evolving political and regional identities, gender relations, the role of the media, and the culture of daily life, as they appear in forms as diverse as narrative and poetry, cinema, music, and journalism. Students will also focus on specific grammatical and stylistic issues in order to improve their fluency in Italian. Course work will consist of frequent essays and student-led discussions.

Prerequisite: Italian 3, or permission of the instructor. Dist: SOC. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

10. Introduction to Italian Literature: Masterworks and Great Issues

04F: D.L.S.A.+ 05W: 12 05X: 10 05F: D.L.S.A.+

This course will offer a general introduction to Italian literature from the thirteenth century to the present. Topics will vary according to the interests of the instructor, but readings will center on such authors as Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Machiavelli, Ariosto, Leopardi, Manzoni, Pirandello, and Svevo.

Prerequisite: Italian 3, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

In 05W, Intersections: Visual and Literary Culture in Italy. In perhaps no other European country are art and literature so intertwined as in Italy. To better understand this dialectic, this course emphasizes reading and looking as complementary practices for interpreting Italian culture. It compares pairs of artist-authors such as Boccaccio/Botticelli, Michelangelo/Colonna, Fellini/Flaiano. We will explore not only the critical meanings that emerge in visual and textual intersections, but also the shifting place of visuality/textuality in Italian culture. Ruffini.

11. Italy: The Power of Language

 Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

This course focuses on a wide variety of historically significant and emblematic cultural texts. These will be drawn especially from the tradition of the oration—be they speeches per se, poems or excerpts from sermons, plays, opera or films. Artists, writers, musicians and directors may include Dante, Machiavelli, Giuseppe Verdi, Roberto Rossellini and Bernardo Bertolucci. Course work entails intensive writing, stylistic analysis, translation, small group discussions, and dramatic presentations.

Prerequisite: Italian 3, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

12. Advanced Writing and Speaking in Italian

04F, 05F: D.L.S.A.+

An advanced language and composition course in which students will work with a wide range of linguistic and cultural materials in order to achieve competence in Italian grammar, and oral and written expression.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Advanced Language Study Abroad Program. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. The staff.

15. Italian Cinema

06W: 10A

Conducted in Italian, this course introduces students to classic Italian cinema, including its history and its predominant genres—from the silent film to comedy and melodrama and thriller. Students will become familiar with Italian cinematic movements such as Neorealism, directors such as Federico Fellini and Roberto Benigni, as well as with important concepts in film analysis.

Prerequisite: Italian 3, or permission of the instructor. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

29. Rome in the Italian Cultural Imagination: Study Abroad

Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

This course will take an interdisciplinary approach to representations of Rome in a discrete historical period or cultural movement and will draw faculty from literature and art history. Italy’s capital city will be the focal point for broad analyses of the relation of past and present, the classical cultural heritage in Italy, the anti-classical movements of Italian art, architecture, literature, and film. Site visits are an integral part of this course.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Italian Studies Foreign Program. Dist: ART. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

30. Seminar in Italian Studies: Study Abroad

Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

Topics vary according to the specialty of the program director. The course aims to study selected literary texts in their broad cultural and historical contexts and to take advantage of the site itself through its libraries, museums, theaters, and monuments. The course comprises tutorials, fieldwork, class presentations and a research paper.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Italian Studies Foreign Program. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

31. Italian Language: Study Abroad

Not offered in the period from 04F through 06S

An advanced language and composition course.

Credit for this course is awarded to students who have successfully completed the Dartmouth Italian Studies Foreign Program at its center in Rome, Italy.

Prerequisite: acceptance into the Dartmouth Italian Studies Foreign Program. Class of 2007 and earlier: Dist: PHR; WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

33. Dante

(See French and Italian in Translation)

34. Renaissance Studies in Translation

(See French and Italian in Translation)

35. Modern Italian Culture and Society

(See French and Italian in Translation)

50. Early Italian Literature and Culture

 06W: 11

An intensive introduction to medieval Italian literature, concentrating on Dante’s Vita nuova, Boccaccio’s Decameron, Petrarch’s Canzoniere and Catherine of Siena’s Dialogo della Divina Provvidenza. Selections from other writers will be read alongside these works so as to provide a rich understanding of the major cultural and literary currents of the time. Topics to be explored include mysticism, autobiography and sacred writing, the love lyric, pestilence and historical narrative. This course complements FRIT 33.

Prerequisite: Italian 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

55. Humanism and Renaissance

05W: 2

Umanesimo, the return to Classical models of literature and culture, produced a revolution in Italy and Europe. This course will concentrate on the emergence of coherent ideologies of tradition and innovation in literature, the arts and politics in the works of Petrarch’s spiritual heirs. Close readings of a few major works will provide the background for a comparative analysis of selections drawn from other authors. Writers to be studied intensively include Alberti, Poliziano, Castiglione, Machiavelli, Ariosto, and Tasso.

Prerequisite: Italian 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Stoppino.

57. Seventeenth and Eighteenth-Century Italian Literature and Culture

 06S: 12

This course will concentrate on literary works of the Baroque and the Enlightenment periods, and the cultural environment in which they were produced. In the first half of the course we will focus on the Baroque ‘poetics of the marvelous’ (Basile, Marino), Galileo’s nuova scienza and its influence on the literary imagination, and the birth of several new literary genres: the commedia dell’arte and the novel (Andreini, Brusoni). We will then examine the particularity of Italian illuminismo and how the ‘cult of reason’ was expressed in the literary realm, examining such phenomena as the reaction against the Baroque (Metastasio), neoclassicism, the emergence and literary representation of new socio-economic realities (Goldoni), and the theme of conflict between power and individual freedom (Alfieri).

Prerequisite: Italian 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

60. Nineteenth-Century Italian Literature and Culture

05S: 2

An introduction to nineteenth-century Italian culture through literature, history, opera, and other arts. Topics may include: Italian Unification, the construction of national identity, and the evolution of genres. Authors and works may include: Foscolo, Leopardi, Manzoni, Deledda, Serao, Collodi’s Pinocchio, and Verdi’s Aida.

Prerequisite: Italian 8, 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W. Canepa.

65. Twentieth-Century Italian Literature and Culture

06S: 11

This course offers an introduction to the spectrum of literary forms and social and historical concerns which characterize twentieth-century Italian culture, such as the changes brought by the modernization of a nation with a long history, the two world wars and the rise of Fascism, and the impact of changing gender identities. Authors and filmmakers may include Monicelli, Fellini, Benigni, Calvino, Morante, Pasolini, and Maraini.

Prerequisite: Italian 8, 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

80. Seminar

 05F: 12

Prerequisite: Italian 10 or 11, or permission of the instructor. Dist: LIT. Class of 2007 and earlier: WCult: EU. Class of 2008 and later: WCult: W.

85. Independent Reading and Research

All terms: Arrange

Students may arrange a program of study and research with individual faculty members. Open only to Italian, Italian Studies, and Romance Language Majors. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

88. Senior Independent Reading and Research

All terms: Arrange

A program of individual study directed by a member of the staff. Open only to senior Italian, Italian Studies, and Romance Language (whose primary language is Italian) Majors. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

89. Honors Seminar

All terms: Arrange

Honors students will arrange a program of study and research during any term of the senior year on a tutorial basis with individual faculty members. A thesis, written in Italian, and a public presentation are the normal culmination of this course. A proposal, signed by the faculty advisor, must be submitted to the Departmental Committee on Independent Studies and Honors Theses for approval by the fifth day of classes of the term.

For information about application procedures, please see page XXX.

ITALIAN CLUB

Il Circolo Italiano is open to all students interested in Italian language and culture. Weekly gatherings with conversation, music, and refreshments. Special events include films, suppers, and out-of-town excursions.