By Ava Politis '26
Introduction
Professional baseball's National League was the only league to exist until the American League was founded in 1901 ("American League is Founded"). While both teams were considered major leagues, the American League utilized the Designated Hitter rule introduced in 1973 ("What are the Differences Between the American and National Leagues?"). The designated hitter is a player who does not play defense and bats in place of the pitcher since pitchers are not known as the strongest hitters on the team ("Designated Hitter Rule | Glossary"). For example, from 1929-1941, pitcher Wes Ferrell only hit 38 home runs in his entire professional career, which is the most a pitcher has ever hit. On the other hand, David Ortiz hit 541 home runs as a designated hitter from 1997 to 2016 as he crushed 30-plus homers in 10 different seasons ("All time home run leaders at each position"). When interleague play occurred, and an American League team was playing at a National League stadium, the pitcher would have to hit and vice versa. In 2022, the National League officially gave in and officially adopted the Designated Hitter rule.
Although adding a designated hitter to the National League would eliminate moments like Bartolo Colon hitting his famous home run in 2016, it could allow the National League to bring up more power hitters to the plate and rest their pitchers. On the surface, having designated hitters instead of pitchers would create a more effective offense as they hit for power. They typically have more hits and home runs than an average pitcher, which would allow more runs to be produced per game. According to Braves pitcher Charlie Morton, "'I don't think anyone wants to watch me strike out on three pitches and walk back to the dugout 98 times out of a hundred'" (Kurkjian). With that being said, some pitchers were also great hitters, as Madison Bumgarner hit two grand slams in his career, which is as many as Pete Rose and Derek Jeter had in 25,248 at-bats combined (Kurkjian). This paper will investigate whether or not there is statistically significant evidence supporting the hypothesis that designated hitters' offensive production in the National League is more effective than National League pitchers.
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